What do yo know?: Bits and Bytes

Bits and Bytes

Bits and Bytes:

To a computer, everything is a number. Numbers are numbers; letters and punctuation marks are numbers; sounds and pictures are numbers. For example, consider this sentence: HERE ARE SOME WORDS. It may looks like a string of alphabetic character to you, but to a computer it looks like the string of ones and zeros.

Is like a Morse code.

When referring to computerized data, the value represented by a cero or one is called a bit. A bit is the smallest possible unit of data a computer can recognize or use. To represent anything meaningful (in other words, to convey information) the computer uses bits in groups.

A group of eight bits is called a byte

With 1 byte, the computer can represent one of 256 different symbols or characters, because the eight 1s and 0s in a byte can be combined in 256 different ways.

The byte is an extremely important unit, because there are enough different 8-bit combinations to represent all the characters on the keyboard, including all the letters (uppercase and lowercase), numbers, punctuation marks, and other symbols. If you look back at the picture, you will notice that each of the characters (or letters) in the sentence Here are some words. Is represented by 1 byte(8 bits) of data.

ASCII CODES
Binary	Decimal equivalent	Character	Binary	Decimal equivalent	Character	Binary	Decimal equivalent	Character
0000 0000	0	Null character	0010 1011	43	+	0101 0110	86	V
0000 0001	1	Start of Header	0010 1100	44	,	0101 0111	87	W
0000 0010	2	Start of Text	0010 1101	45	-	0101 1000	88	X
0000 0011	3	End of Text	0010 1110	46	.	0101 1001	89	Y
0000 0100	4	End of Transmission	0010 1111	47	/	0101 1010	90	Z
0000 0101	5	Enquiry	0011 0000	48	0	0101 1011	91	[
0000 0110	6	Acknowledgment	0011 0001	49	1	0101 1100	92	\
0000 0111	7	Bell	0011 0010	50	2	0101 1101	93	]
0000 1000	8	Backspace^{[t 4][t 5]}	0011 0011	51	3	0101 1110	94	^
0000 1001	9	Horizontal Tab	0011 0100	52	4	0101 1111	95	_
0000 1010	10	Line feed	0011 0101	53	5	0110 0000	96	`
0000 1011	11	Vertical Tab	0011 0110	54	6	0110 0001	97	a
0000 1100	12	Form feed	0011 0111	55	7	0110 0010	98	b
0000 1101	13	Carriage return^{[t 6]}	0011 1000	56	8	0110 0011	99	c
0000 1110	14	Shift Out	0011 1001	57	9	0110 0100	100	d
0000 1111	15	Shift In	0011 1010	58	:	0110 0101	101	e
0001 0000	16	Data Link Escape	0011 1011	59	;	0110 0110	102	f
0001 0001	17	Device Control 1 (oft. XON)	0011 1100	60	<	0110 0111	103	g
0001 0010	18	Device Control 2	0011 1101	61	=	0110 1000	104	h
0001 0011	19	Device Control 3 (oft. XOFF)	0011 1110	62	>	0110 1001	105	i
0001 0100	20	Device Control 4	0011 1111	63	?	0110 1010	106	j
0001 0101	21	Negative Acknowledgement	0100 0000	64	@	0110 1011	107	k
0001 0110	22	Synchronous Idle	0100 0001	65	A	0110 1100	108	l
0001 0111	23	End of Trans. Block	0100 0010	66	B	0110 1101	109	m
0001 1000	24	Cancel	0100 0011	67	C	0110 1110	110	n
0001 1001	25	End of Medium	0100 0100	68	D	0110 1111	111	o
0001 1010	26	Substitute	0100 0101	69	E	0111 0000	112	p
0001 1011	27	Escape^{[t 8]}	0100 0110	70	F	0111 0001	113	q
0001 1100	28	File Separator	0100 0111	71	G	0111 0010	114	r
0001 1101	29	Group Separator	0100 1000	72	H	0111 0011	115	s
0001 1110	30	Record Separator	0100 1001	73	I	0111 0100	116	t
0001 1111	31	Unit Separator	0100 1010	74	J	0111 0101	117	u
0010 0000	32	␠	0100 1011	75	K	0111 0110	118	v
0010 0001	33	!	0100 1100	76	L	0111 0111	119	w
0010 0010	34	"	0100 1101	77	M	0111 1000	120	x
0010 0011	35	#	0100 1110	78	N	0111 1001	121	y
0010 0100	36	$	0100 1111	79	O	0111 1010	122	z
0010 0101	37	%	0101 0000	80	P	0111 1011	123	{
0010 0110	38	&	0101 0001	81	Q	0111 1100	124
0010 0111	39	'	0101 0010	82	R	0111 1101	125	}
0010 1000	40	(	0101 0011	83	S	0111 1110	126	~
0010 1001	41	)	0101 0100	84	T	0111 1111	127	Delete^{[t 9][t 5]}
0010 1010	42	*	0101 0101	85	U

1 comments:

Anonymous said...: 01001000 01101111 01101100 01100001 00100000 01110000 01110010 01101111 01100110 01100101 01110011 01101111 01110010; September 1, 2011 at 6:59 AM

What do yo know?

Bits and Bytes

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